الفهرس 
Historical BackgroundOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the present study a cationic surfactants (quaternary ammonium
salts) based of chloranil and chloranil dioxime derivative were
prepared. The quaternary ammonium salts were prepared from the
reaction of chloroanil with secondary amines then quaternaized by
hexadecyl bromide. The chloroanil dioxime derivative was
prepared via the reaction of chloroanil and hydroxyl amine
hydrochloride.The structures of the prepared quaternary ammonium
salts and the dioxime derivative were inferred from microanalytical
and spectral data. Polyester /bentonite Composites (A), Polyester /
(nano bentonite) nano Composites (B), Polyester/ (Nano
Bentonite)/QAS (IV) nano composites at (5%) (C), Polyester /
(nano bentonite)/QAS (V) nano composites at (5%) (D) and
Polyester/(nano bentonite)/dioxime (VI) nano composites at (5%)
(E) were fabricated by hand-lay-up method and cured at room
temperature and atmospheric pressure . Nine percentages of ( 0%,
1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 10%, 20% ).
Evaluation of mechanical, thermal properties (DSC and TGA) and
morphological properties in testing such structures (SEM) of all
prepared composites were reported.
SUMMARY
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All the mechanical and thermal properties were found to increase
with increase loading % wt. of different type of filler and show
maximum at 5% wt., but these properties decrease with increase
more than 5% wt., which act as stress concentrators on the
composite surface and show decrease of the composites
performance enhancements due to indicating the highest viscosity
of composites.
Organic modification by adding quaternary ammonium salts
(cationic surfactants) to nano bentonite powder show high surface
area promise to improve mechanical and thermal properties of nano
composites (B). This effect was observed in the SEM micrographs
as higher degrees of organo clay exfoliation and well-dispersed in
polyester and give nano composite with uniform appearance,
homogenous structure.
In general modification by adding surfactant to nano bentonite
powders give nano composites (C) which show optimum
mechanical and thermal properties