الفهرس 
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Abstract
Blood ga5 ten5ion and acid ba5e balance, electrolyte5
(50dium, pota55ium and chloride) and packed cell volume
were determined in 92 healthy came15 which cla55ified
according to 5ea50n, 5ex and pregnancy (which explain in
Table (3). Venou5 blood 5ample5 were taken from each
anima15. The fir5t 5ample wa5 heparinized blood for
e5timation of pH, Pco, , P02 ’ Hco; , Tco2 ’ B.E. and P.C.V.
All 5ample5 were tak~l anaerobically. Blood ga5e5
mea5urment5 were performed by corning pH blood ga5 analyzer
Model 168. Packed cell volume were determined in the5e
5ample5 by Microhaematocrit after Schalm et ~.,(1975).
Second 5ample wa5 obtained without anticoagulant
agent and u5ed for 5erum 5eparation for determination
of 50dium, pota55ium and chloride.
Sodium and potas5ium content5 were determined u5ing
flame photometer corning 400.
Chloride wa5 determined by u5ing chloride meter
(Corning Model 925).
Mean value5 for male5 in 5ummer and winter for pH
Pco - + + 2 ’ P02 ’ Hco3 ’ Tco2, .E., Na ,K ,Cl and P.C.V.
were: (7.381 ~ 0.0071 , 7.314 + 0.016) - (59.30 ~ 2.79
mmHg., 52.0 + 0.79 ~Hg.) ( 27.28 + 1.33 mmHg., 27.01 + 1.43 mmHg). (35.061 ~ 1.75 mmol./L. , 26.51 ~ 1.07 mmol./L.)
(36.82 ~ 1.84 mmol./L. , 28.21 ~ 1.05 mmol./L.) (8.178 +
1.43 mmol./L. , -0.24 ~ 1.2 mmol./L.), (162.09 ~ 2.32
mmol./L. , 162.2 ~ 1.08 mmol./L.) (5.732 ~ 0.17 mmol./L. ,
4.85 + 0.11 mmol./L.) (107.04 ~ 2.9 mmol./L. , 111.3 + 2.3
mmo1./L.)(28.7 + 0.7% , 28.3 ~ 1.25%) respectively.
Mean values of previously parameters for pregnant and
non pregnant females in summer season were (7.362 ~ 0.013,
7.390 + 0.0075) - (52.34 ~ 3.832 mmHg , 56.58 ~ 2.63 mmHg)
(30.4 + 1.8 mmHg, 27.9 + 1.28 mmHg) - (28.98 ~ 1.25 mmol./L.,
33.96 + 1.89 mmo1./L.) - (30.52 ~ 1.31 mmo1./L. , 35.8 ~
1.96 mmol./L.) - (2.76 + 0.78 mmo1./L. , 7.64 ~ 1.58 mmo1./L.)
(167.4 ~ 1.75 mmol./L. , 165.61 + 2.09 mmol./L.) - (5.39 +
0.37 mmol./L. , 5.79 ~ 0.16 mmol./L. (103 ± 2.5 mmol./L.,
103.5 ~ 3.3 mmol./L.) - (29.2 ~ 0.8%, 26.3 ~ 0.74%) respectively.
Mean values for pregnant and non pregnant females in
winter for previously mentioned parameters were: (7.345 ~
0.016, 7.310 + 0.103) - (47.77 ~ 1.75 mmHg & 49.98 + 0.63
mmHg) - (”9.92 ~ 0.7 mmo1./L .• 27.0 ~ 0.72 mmo1./L.) _
(25.30 ~ 0.9 mmol./L. , 25.05 + 0.7 mmol./L.) - (26.8 +
0.9 mmol./L. , 26.6 ~ 0.79 mmol./L.) - (-0.8 ~ 0.8 mmol./L,
- 1.5 + 0.83 mmo1./L.) - {163.6 + 1.3 + mmo1./L. , 164.5 + 0.51 mmol./L.) - (4.83 + 0.06 mmol./L. , 5.4 ~ 0.103 mmol./L.)
(111.3 + 1.13 mmo1./L. , 106.6 + 1.44 mmo1./L.) -(27.86 +
1.7 % .28.7 + 0.81 %) respect LveLy ,
TI,e re~ult~ ~how that difference~ between female~
non pregnant in ~ummer and one~ in winter revealed ~ignificant
in pota~~ium and packed cell volume at (P~ 0.05) and
on pH , Pc02 ’ Hco; , Tc02 ’ B.E. at ( PL 0.01) and non
~ignificant at (P~0.05) in P02 ’ ~odium and Chloride.
Difference~ between pregnant in ~ummer from one~ in
winter were non ~ignificant except in Hcc , Tc02 ’ B.E. and
Cl at (PLO.05).
Difference~ between females pregnant and non pregnant
ones in summer were non sLqnI ficant ( P ~ 0.05) and also
difference~ between them in winter non significant except
in potassium at ( p~ 0.01).
Also results show that non significant differences
between males and fe.ale~ in ~ummer and also between males
and females in winter except for the potassium in winter
at (P~ 0.05).
Differences between males in summer from ones in winter
were significant at (P~ 0.01) only in pH, Hco; , Tc02 ’
8.E. and 1<+. Differences between males and females in summer from
ones in winter were highly significant at ( p~ 0.01) in pH,
’ B.E. and K+ and non significant for PoZ ’
Na + ,Cl - and P.C.V. at (P~0.05).
Finally are notes that season was the factor playing
a role on blood gas values and acid base balance amo~g males
and females in summer than in winter. Sex showed no effect
on acid base balance. Pre gnan cy did not influencerlobt a Ine d
data.
Oifferences were obtained between females non pregnant
in summer from ones in winter.
Differences were also noticed between males in summer
from ones in winter.