الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Non alcoholic fatty liver is defined as accumulation of fat, largely triglycerides, exceeding 5% of the liver weight or visualization of more than 5% of hepatocytes containing fatty DROPlets on light microscopy. It is due to failure of normal hepatic fat metabolism either due to defect within the hepatocyte or to delivery of excess fat, fatty acid or carbohydrates beyond the secretory capacity of lipid of the liver cell. Non alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of several clinicopathological lesions ranging from simple steatosis to cirrhosis including steatosis alone or steatohepatitis . In the general population, the estimated prevelance ranges from 7%-35%. Etiology of ( NAFLD ) (A) Nutritional causes (1) Obesity (2) Total parenteral nutrition (3) Rapid weight loss (4) Kwashiorkor syndrome: (B) Metabolic diseases (1) Diabetes mellitus (2) Other metabolic abnormalities(as dyslipidemia). (C) Surgical By pass operation of GIT (D) Drugs( e.g amiodarone, tetracycline) (E) Cryptogenic (f)- Other Etiological risk Factors A - Infections( Virus C,B And AIDS) B - Genetic cause Pathogenesis of fatty liver have many mechanisms which may includes the following proper mechanisms: - Insulin resistance - Mitochondrial dysfunction - Oxidative stress - Hepatocyte Apoptosis - Role of Resistin , Tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) –α, Adiponectin and leptin in pathogenesis is important. Strategies done to diagnose NAFLD include the following steps: (1) Clinical diagnosis Patients with benign steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are typically asymptomatic , the most common symptoms reconstitutional and nonspecific like fatigue . weakness and malaise Right upper quadrant pain or fullness is a less frequent complaint. (2) biochemical study (A) Biomarker Common Biomarkers as liver enzymes( AST-ALT)always used . Novel biomarkers for Inflammation , Fibrosis , Oxidative Stress, hepatocyte apoptosis is used now. we can use Panel Markers as fibrotest , fatty liver index for diagnosis. (B) Imaging 1- Ultrasonography.