الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
C.trachomatis has entered into the spot light as an important pathogen of ilie genital tract, its incidence has significantly increased in the past few years in developed cOWltries. Approximately half of the infected persons are asymptomatic and serve as reservoirs perpetuating the infection. The clinical spectrum of chlamydial disease encompasses a formidable group of infections and complications affecting me~ women and infants. Sexually acquired Ctrachomatis infection in women may cause cervicitis, urethriris, bartholinitis, endometritis, salpingitis and Pill. The sequelae of PID are both serious and common. It has a major impact on the reproductive health of women. Post infectious obstruction of the fallopian tube is the most important preventable cause of infertility and ectopic pregnancy. In industrialized countries the incidence of Pill is now 10 to 13 per 1000 women for reproductive age, with the peak incidence of 20 per 1 boo occuring in iliose aged 15-24 years. In United States one million women per year are reported to have an episode ofPID and 300,000 of those are hospitalized. Clinical diagnosis of PID is difficult because of the wide variation in symptoms and signs among women with this condition. Current evidence I!1dicates that many episodes of PID are unrecognized. Although some women may have truly asymptomatic ”silent” Pill, others go undiagnosed because they or their health-care providers fail to recognize the implications of mild or non specific symptoms and signs. Laboratory methods are required for a definitive diagnosis of Ctrachomatis infections, these methods include several direct and indirect techniques. Although, isolation of Ctrachomatis in cell culture is generally considered as a gold standard, the recently introduced assays based on PCR has been sho\W to be more sensitive. That the PCR allowing massive amplification of a target DNA sequence specifically amongst a large concentration of non target DNA. It has been described as a technique analogous to detection of a needle in hay st~k. The sofisticated nature of these assays has been an impetus for developing new tests. Antigen detection techniques were the ideal choice. The present study aimed to : 1- Evaluation of antigen detection technique in relation to PCR for diagnosis of C.trachomatis infection ,I 2- Determination of the role of Ctrachomatis in cases of ~ute Pill. This study was carried out on 40 women in the fertile period of life with clinically diagnosed acute Pill, attending the out patient clinic of El-Shatby Maternity University Hospital during the period from March till jully 1996. All relevant information were obtained from every woman in a questionnaire sheet. Pelvicabdominal examination was carried out by clinicians. Lower abdominal tenderness, bilateral adnexal tenderness and cervical motion tenderness were the minimum criteria for diagnosing women with acute Pill. Two endocervical swabs were taken from every womel. One swab was subjected to Iapid antigen detection by immunochromatography and the other swab was subjected to nucleic acid detection by PCR. The resulLf obtained in this study showed that: . Three women (7.5) were positive by PCR,’ one (2.5) of them was positive by both PCR and IC.