الفهرس 
Literature ReviewOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Ras Abu Jarjur (RAJJ) desalination plant in Bahrain is
considered the largest Reverse Osmosis plant in the Arabian Gulf
countries to desalinate the high brackish well water in order to
obtain potable water. This plant uses DuPont B-lO membranes for
the purpose along with both Sodium Hexa Meta Phosphate (SHMP)
and Sulphuric Acid as antiscalants.
This thesis aims to study the possibility of replacing both SHMP
and the sulphuric acid with another antiscalant which is FLOCON
100, manufactured by Pfizer Chemicals International Co. The
study is based on carrying out all the tests and experiments
through an actual operation for a laboratory model (a reverse
osmosis pilot plant) which is similar to the main RAJJ plant and
which contains 10 DuPont B-lO membranes. The author of this
thesis had designed this pilot plant, operated it, took its
operating data and results and analysed its results. Pfizer
Chemicals Int. gave all the financial support to build this
pilot plant, and gave all the chemicals and instruments needed
to complete the job. All the tests and experiments were
completed successfully during the period from February 1988 to
March 1989. As a result of these tests, the thesis confirms and
demonstrates the following significant points:
1. FLOCON 100 Antiscalant is an effective product for
inhibiting the formation of scales on Du Pont B-lO membranes
with the use of the high brackish water. It is also an
effective replacement for both SHMP and Sulphuric Acid as it
acts as a threshold inhibitor which interfere with the
crystallization of Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Sulphate,
Barium Sulphate and Strontium Sulphate scales.
2. The use of
pH of the
addition.
100 as it
(4-11).
FLOCON 100 will permit operation at the natural
feed water and eliminate the need for acid
This fact is a result of the stability of FLOCON
is hydrolytically stable over a wide range of pH FLOCON 100 does not permit the growth of the bacteria due
to its polymeric nature and its low pH, unlike SHMP which is
a good food for the bacteria due to the high content of
phosphates .
FLOCON 100, when used at the recommended dosage rates,
offers significant savings in chemical costs because of its
low dosage compared to the high dosage of both SHMP and
Sulphuric acid. The results also confirm that the use of
FLOCON 100 will significantly reduce fouling of the micro
guard filters, prolong the life of the filter elements and
reduce the frequency of changing it, and accordingly offers
potential savings in the filter and labour costs.