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Abstract
Wadi El-Gemal area is bonded by longitude 24◦ 30’ and 24◦ 45 E’, latitude 34◦ 30’ and 35◦ 15’ N. The study area is characterized by abnormal radioactivity and significant feature such as economic resource of minerals and environmental resource such as wealth of desert Arak and Heglieg trees at the outlet of the Wadi to the Red Sea.
Plant samples were collected from different sites of the area with the associated soil samples. The selected plants are Balanites aegyptiaca and Salvadora persica which is considered as medical plants to determine the uranium concentration, carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acids and active constituents.
Six representives ground water were collected from scattered wells in Wadi El-Gemal area. Chemical analyses were carried out to investigate the genesis, type of water and its suitability for different purpose. Total dissolved salts of these water ranges between 680 and 6213 ppm. The uranium concentration ranges between 1 and 67 ppb which is in the permissible limits. The hydrochemical characteristic show that the sodium ion is the dominant cation and chloride is the dominant ion, the use of different graphs show that the ground water are from marine and meteoric origin. The assessment of the quality of water samples for drinking, irrigation, livestock and poultry and industrial purpose indicate the possibility of its variable use in different live purpose.
The different plant species show their ability to uptake uranium but in different amounts which is higher than the limit obtained by the uranium technical series (285). Uranium has passive effect on the total soluble sugar (T.S.S) of B. aegyptiaca fruit samples while no clear effect on T.S.S of S. persica root samples. No clear effect for uranium appears on both amino acids and fatty acids for both plant species. Meanwhile uranium has a passive effect on saponin in both plant species, alkaloid in S. persica root and flavonoid in B. aegyptiaca fruit while showed a positive effect on alkaloid in B. aegyptiaca and no clear trend for flavonoid in S. persica root samples. Uranium has a passive effect on diosgenin concentration in B. aegyptiaca fruit samples, with no clear effect on its structure.