الفهرس 
LITERATURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The objective of the present study is to investigate the
problem of seepage losses in main canals in Egypt. Three main
carrier canals were chosen as study cases. These canals are
Ismailia, Port Said, and Suez fresh water Canals. The canals
under .investigation were divided into reaches. Three reaches
were chosen on Ismailia canal, two on Port Said, and two on
suez fresh water canal.
Inflow-outflow method was used to estimate the seepage
-losses from the selected canals. An extensive field
measurements program was carried out and supplemented by
laboratory analysis to classify the soil samples.
Using the field data, relationships were plotted
describing the variation of seepage with time and the
frequency of field measurements. The field data was analyzed y
and the results of this analysis were presented graphically 1n
a number of Figures.
A multiple regression analysis of data led to simple
practical equations for determining the seepage flow for the
selected reaches. It is found from the analysis that the main
factors affecting the amount of seepage losses are the inlet
discharge, the upstream wetted perimeter, and the upstream
hydraulic mean depth. Also it is found that the average
percentages of seepage losses for Port Said canal (reach 1, 2)
and suez fresh water canal (reach 1, 2) are 19.72, 8.44,
23.17, and 8.22 respectively. It is recommended that the total
length of both Port Said and Suez fresh water canals should be
lined although the average percentage of seepage losses in
some reaches was less than 10%.
A comparison was made between predicted seepage flow from
previous studies and recently measured data on Ismailia canal
in the present study which showed very good agreement.