الفهرس 
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Abstract
There has been a growing awareness of the relationship between the quality of the environment and the incidence of disease. Therefore, the present work IMs been carried out in a trial to find a relationship between occupational 1X!XJsure to sane pollutants such as carbon disulfide or lead and sane levels of trace metals. A total number of 340 male workers have been selected for this purpose: 120 IOrkers fran the Misr Rayon Company where the workers were exposed to carbon disulfide vapours, 96 workers fran the Plastic and Battery Egyptian Carpany, lIlere the workers were exposed to lead fumes. Two comparison groups of 50 and M workers respectively were selected fran each factory wi th the same &:!rographic characteristics, like age, educational status, socioeconomic status etc. as the exposed workers. The exposed workers and comparison subjects have been divided into two ~ups according to age; below 40 years and over 40 years of age to avoid aging processes which might affect the different b:xiy systems and enzymes. Environmental assessments of carbon disulfide and lead were conducted in the atnosphere of the work envirorunent of the studied plants. Fasting blood smaples were collected fran each of the examined subjects using the veinpuncture technique. Part of the blood was heparinized for the IBenatological analysis. The rest of blood was allowed to clot at room ~rature and the serum was seperated and was analyzed for trace metals. Also S{X)t urine samples were collected. Biological IIDni toring was perfonned to assess the occupational exposure such as m:xiified iodine azide test for carbon disulfide exposure and lead in blcai for lead exposure. Also trace metals analysis in serum and urine were performed using an atanic absorption spectrophotaneter and applying the standard instrumental conditions for the determination of each of the trace retals. Also sane metalloenzymes were determined. The collected data were coded and transferred to special coding sheets. 11 Calculations of the statistics of the present study has been done and the data were statistically analyzed using t-test and simple correlations. The determination of the indices of exposure revealed that workers exposed to carron disulfide had higher values of iodine azide in urine samples, and iiJrkers exposed to lead had higher levels of lead blood. ~ It has been found that the exposure to carbon disulfide affected the levels ”i different trace metals; there was a decrease anong exposed workers in serum ,ower, iron and potassium, while there was increase anong exposed workers in ~ielWI mmganese as well as urine copper, zinc and iron. The effect of carbon $ ~msulfide exposure could be explained through a chelating mechanism that may ” !i:prive~ several essential metals. Also it was found that the exposure to carbon disulfide showed an effect on &re haernatological indices; Le. decrease in haem:>globin, haematocrit, MCV and !IJf were observed anong exposed workers. Coagulation factors has also been found, by this study, to be affected by ~~ron disulfide exposure; there was an increase in the platelets count and a I~rease in bleeding time, clotting time and prothrombin time were observed Dlg exp:>sed workers. 11:1 Also it was found in this study that some metalloenzymes were affected by ;rMbJn disulfide exposure such as’ an increase in alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity and superoxide dismutase activity were observed anong exposed workers. It was also noted that exposure to lead affected several trace metals such liS a decrease in serum zinc and and an increase in serum magnesium, urine iJ.JPP3r, urine zinc and urine iron were observed anong exposed workers. Also it was found that the exposure to lead showed an effect on some of the faaratological indices such as an increase in haematocri t and WBCs and a aecrease in MCHC were observed anong exposed workers. Coagulation factors has also been found, by this study, to be affected by !ead exp:>sure; an increase in the platelets count, bleeding time and clotting tire were observed anong exposed workers. lobreover, some metalloenzymes were affected by lead exposure such as a decrease in superoxide dismutase acti vi ty and an increase in total iron binding capacity were observed anong exposed workers. 11 It has been concluded that exposure to occupational pollutants as carbon disulfide or lead disturb the levels of trace metals in serum or sane retalloenzymes. ^leng