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Abstract
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common anomaly of the mitral valve apparatus.
It occurs when one or both mitral valve leaflets billows excessively into the left atrium towards the end of systole.
Mitral valve prolapse can be divided into two major pathological entities:Primary MVP, and secondary MVP due to rheumatic heart disease, infective endocarditis, ischemic heart disease and other disorders.
Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, lightheadedness, syncope, palpitations, anxiety, and panic attacks Long standing mitral valve prolapse may lead to:
• Progression of severe MR.
• Severe LV dysfunction and development of congestive heart failure .
• Left atrial dilatation may result in atrial fibrillation.
• Infective endocarditis.
• Sudden death in very rare cases.