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Abstract
In Egypt, endemic goitre and low urinary iodine concentration have been reported in several regions, and as the sufficient data relating urinary iodine excretion in children to other iodine deficiency indicators are lacking in Egypt, the objective of this study was to measure the urinary iodine concentration among a sample (421) of basic school children (6-14 years) to detect the magnitude of the problem of iodine deficiency in Menoufia governorate and to detect the prevalence of goitre among the studied sample.
Every student was subjected to a pre-designed questionnaire about the presence of any symptoms or signs of iodine deficiency or hypothyroidism.
Full general medical examination was done for signs of iodine deficiency,then local examination of the neck was done to detect any thyroid enlargement.
A urine sample was obtained from each child to be analyzed for urinary iodine concentration. Blood samples were taken from a sample of children detected to be iodine deficient (by measuring their urinary iodine concentration)for determination of the levels of total T3 and T4 thyroid hormones.
The median level of urinary iodine concentration was calculated as(75.0 μg/l) in the studied children. And according to the urinary iodine levels,7.8% of the studied sample had severe iodine deficiency, 18.5% had moderate deficiency, 51.1% had mild deficiency and only 22.6% had normal urinary iodine concentration .
Also The aim of this work was to:
1- Measure the urinary iodine concentration among a sample of basic school children to detect the magnitude of the problem of iodine deficiency.
2- Detect the prevalence of goitre among the studied sample.
3- Study of relevant symptoms and signs in those diagnosed to have iodine deficiency (after measuring their urinary iodine concentration).