الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Maize (Zea mays, L.) is considered one of the most important crop yields and principal source feeding for many people of the world, particularly the third world countries, as well as it ranks the third of the world cereal crops surpassed only by Wheat and Rice. In Egypt, it is one of the most important crops, it is used mainly for human consumption and animals feed. Therefore, efforts are focused on increasing productivity of such crop by growing high yield, new varieties under the most favorable cultural treatments.
The growth, yield and yield components of corn were studied by many outhers. In this respect, Kennedy and Tchan (1992), Gouda et al. (1993), Tantaway (1994), and Soliman et al.(1999) showed that raising nitrogen fertilization levels considerably increased grain yield and most of its components but the use of intensive and untraditional rates of mineral fertilizers increase the costs of agricultural production. It is well known that nitrogen plays an important role in different growth processes in maize plant but most of mineral fertilizer elements are either fixed in soil or leached to pollute the environment. Therefore , there is a wide spread interest in the use of combination of mineral and biofertilizer as an alternative and cheap sources for chemical fertilizers. Jagnow (1990), Hassanein et al. (1997) and Atta-Allah (1998).
Biological nitrogen fixation occurred by grain inoculation with non symbiotic nitrogen fixers play a great important role in increasing yield or decreasing chemical nitrogen fertilizer requirement Kennedy and Tchan (1992). In this concern, they showed that grain yield increased by inoculation with Azotobacter combined with moderate application of nitrogen fertilizer and farm yard manure.
Organic substances are the main source of nutrients and energy for the most soil microorganisms, such substrate is responsible for dynamic adsorption of the soil fraction as well as the improvement of physical properties. Saleh and Nawar. (2003).
Compost manures has many beneficial effect on the soil itself and growing vegetation. Its nutritional values include N, P and K, although not in amounts equal to those of chemical fertilizers.
In addition, it contains many trace elements essential to optimum plant growth. Richness in essential plant micro-nutrients is one of the main characteristics of town refuse compost. Amer et al. (1997).
The aim of the present investigation is to study Effect of nitrogen, bio and organic fertilization and their interactions on growth characters, yield and yield components as well as grain yield of maize.