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Abstract
I. INTRODUCTION
Egypt agriculture has the advantage of enjoying rich endowments of natural and man-made resources, with favourable temperature and abundance of sunshine available throughout the year. Since the cultivated area in Egypt is limited, the agriculture intensification had become urgent necessity to optimize the utilizing of unite urea.
Intercropping sugar beet with broad bean (Vicia faba, L.) is one the most important practice as a way to maximiz productivity per unit area through the role of legume crops in fixing of atmospheric nitrogen in soil, maximize the utilization of available resources and allow full utilization of the environmental resource with minimum competition especially for light (Fraghaly et al. 2003).
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris, L) is an important crop not only in Egypt but also allover the world as a source of sugar, it is the second crop after sugar cane in Egypt for sugar production. Egyptian government imports large amount of sugar about 1.1 million tons every year to face the rapid increase in population.
As an attempt to narrow the gab in sugar commodity, increasing sugar yield per unit area had national interest and can be achieved by adopting suitable cultural practices such as intercropping and fertilization. Agricultural intensification could be successfully achieved by growing most important winter crops with sugar beet simultaneously without any decrease in optimum density of sugar beet per unit area.
Broad bean (Vicia faba, L.) as a legume crop has a great value for both human and animal consumption. The crop fixes atmospheric nitrogen, thus it improves soil fertility (Hebbleth Waite, 1983).
Nitrogen fertilization is among the vital factors affecting growth, yield and quality of crops. Nitrogen is referred to balance wheel of plant nutrition. It has an active role to raise the efficiency of other Nutrition.
The aim of this research is to study the effect of intercropping broad bean and sugar beet patterns on growth, yield and its components of the two crops under different nitrogen fertilizer levels.