الفهرس 
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Abstract
A two dimensional mathematical model was employed to
study the hydraulic factors affecting the flow pattern in
open channels. Clarification on how the 2-D model lS
constructed and an explanation about each parameter
affecting the construction procedure of the model are
given. Also, application on three different reaches
suffering from different kinds of local hydraulic problems,
using a program package called TRISULA, were carried out.
Field measurements and results obtained from the
physical models, of the same problems, were compared with
the results of the mathematical models. This comparison
showed that the results of both models were very close.
Therefore, the role of mathematical models in studying such
local hydraulic problems is becoming very important.
However, there are still some difficulties for
employing the mathematical models to study problems such
as, three dimensional flow, erosion and deposition In
vicini ty of any hydraulic structures. In corresponding I
there are some difficulties facing the physical models to
study problems with large prototype areas. Accordingly, it
is emphasized that the integration between the mathematical
and physical models is highly needed to get the most
optimum results.