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Abstract
Barley straw is one of the Egyptian agriculture wastes which can be used for oil spill
” val.
ey straw physical properties were investigated using SEM which show the surface
ess and pores included in that the cross section allow oil to entrap inside it, FTIR to the important groups that affect the barley straw hydrophobic & oleiophilic ’es (OH, CH2, CH3 groups) ,TGA to indicate the thermal stability of fibers and to the regions for degradation of its components by carbonization and XRD to
. gate the crystalline nature of barley straw have .
... Barley straw sorption capacity for oil removal was studied using different particle size, ,~ sorption time, oil film thickness, sorbent weight, temperature and holding capacity of the fibers using one, seven day weathered Balaiem crude oil and also gas oil as low viscosity oil in simulated field conditions. The higher sorption capacity of oil was 11.23 gig fiber for one day weathered crude oil, 12.1 gig fiber for seven days crude oil, and 7.8 gig fiber for gas oil. These values were achieved when using 250 j.lIT1 particle size, IS minutes sorption time,S mm oil thickness, I g of sorbent at 25°C, left to drain for 5 minutes. Other types of oil were also tested such as, western desert crude oil, Arabian heavy crude oil, and Russian oil using the above mentioned conditions on one and seven days weathered oil. The used
barley straw sorbent was reused for twice .
Barley straw was carbonized changing carbonization temperature from 200 to 500°C and
carbonization time from Y2 to 3 hours. The product was tested for methylene blue and for oil sorption. Sorption capacity of methylene blue dye was studied as indicator for evaluation of adsorption as the structure of carbonized straw changed. Different factors were studied for evaluating the sorption of methylene blue. Contact time with solution from Y. to 3 hours with different carbonization temperature of sorbent on dye removal using aqueous solutions of methylene blue of concentration ranging from 5-25 mgll. The results indicate that increasing temperature of carbonization decrease dye removal comparing the dye removal percentage with raw adsorption. Different particle sizes ranging from 250- 2000 !-lm was used, the higher value was for 250 !-lm with all concentrations used 5-25 mglL dye solution . The pH value was changed on the same sorbent conditions (5,7and 11) , summarize that the alkaline solution has higher percentage removal. Changing the sorbent dosage from (10-70 mg) show increase in removal percentage from 56.6 % (for 10 mg) to 71.8% (for 50 mg) for raw barley whether 60.6 % (for 10 mg) to 72.4 (for 50 mg) for carbonized barley straw at 200°C.
The oil sorption capacity for one , seven weathered crude oil on static conditions was studied on carbonized straw with different temperatures and time to show the change in sorption capacity due to changes in carbonized barley straw structure.
The sorption values for oil have lower values than the corresponding values for raw barley of 10 g/g fiber and 11 gig fiber for one and seven days weathered crude oil. For gas oil sorption capacity, in general increase carbonization temperature increases the oil sorption. Best result of7.38 g/g fiber was obtained at 400°C for 3 hour carbonization.
Raw barley straw was used as loose powder comparing its sorption capacity for different types of oils with commercial sorbent PWS. The values for one and seven days weathered crude oil and gas oil was 11.23, 12.2, 7.8 gig fiber respectively for raw barley straw and
3.43,2.27,1.16 gig fiber for commercial one.
Also, barley straw was packed in polypropylene non woven fiber as pad form comparing the sorption capacity with three types of commercial sorbents. Raw packed barley straw gives high values compared with other sorbents.
For carbonized barley straw at 400°C for 3 hour in pad form the results indicate that the sorption time was 30 minutes, holding time 5 minutes and sorbent weight 1.5 g to have the highest value 9.92 gig fiber, the pad can be reused three times. This values corresponding to recommended conditions.
Also, barley straw was packed in polypropylene non woven fiber as pad form comparing the sorption capacity with three types of commercial sorbents. Raw packed barley straw gives high values compared with other sorbents.
For carbonized barley straw at 400°C for 3 hour in pad form the results indicate that the sorption time was 30 minutes, holding time 5 minutes and sorbent weight 1.5 g to have the highest value 9.92 gig fiber, the pad can be reused three times. This values corresponding to recommended conditions.