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Abstract
It is well known that disturbances of the urinary bladder functions are common in elderly people, particularly women, who often complain of urgency, frequency, nocturia and incontinence. Urinary incontinence can result from a variety of problems in the urinary tract. Stress incontinence is the most common type of urinary incontinence in women.
The aim of the present study was to detect the histological changes in the bladder neck in different ages in both sexes of Albino rats which may be implicated in stress incontinence in old age. In order to study these changes; longitudinal sections for the bladder neck of 20 male and 20 female Albino rats at different ages (one day, four months, one year and senile rats) were studied for their different structural elements using light and electron microscope. In all the examined sections, the bladder neck was formed of three layers namely; mucosa, musculosa and adventitia. In one day old rats, the mucosa appeared highly specialized with formation of tightly adjacent epithelial cells and stiff plaques on the surface cells. Some epithelial cells in the newborn male rats showed multiple dilated cisterns of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Muscularis mucosae were presented in the male rat as multiple layers beneath the epithelium while in the female they were few disperse muscle fibers. The musculosa appeared more compact in the male with well developed muscular architecture in both male and female. The muscle bundles were separated by a marked loose connective tissue, more apparent in the female rat.