الفهرس 
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Abstract
a) Hospital-acquired or nosocomial infections constitute a significant medical, social and economic problem in both developed and developing countries, causing morbidity, mortality and extended hospital stays. This study was performed to determine the incidence of postoperative wound infection, identify types of pathogenic bacteria colonizing the general operating room at Alexandria hospitals, study the patient and environmental factors increasing the risk of hospital acquired infection, study knowledge and practices of health team in the operating room regarding infection control procedures and assess the effectiveness of disinfection policy and to suggest appropriate methods that may help to control infection in the operating rooms. The sample of this study comprised of 500 patients admitted to the general operating rooms during 12 months in selected days were taken from hospitals related to Ministry of health, Health Insurance, Curative Organization and Student University hospital. Structured questionnaire was designed to collect the required data from patients about past history of chronic diseases, special habits, length of stay in the hospital, surgical duration and time of shaving. Also observation to characteristics of wound infection and microbiological investigations for patients (a nasal swab was taken from each one and from wounds if there were any signs of infection). Environmental samples were from Wall, floor, surgical mask, surgical tables and air. In addition two other structured questionnaires were designed to collect the required data from 68 nurses and 17surgeons in different hospitals by interview. These questionnaires included the epidemiological data, knowledge about risk factors of surgical site infection and measures of control. The structured observation checklist was also completed through observation for certain practices of nurses and surgeons about hand washing & sterilization, protective clothes and aseptic techniques in operating rooms and to assess the sterilization and disinfection policy of the studied hospitals.