الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of work : to detect the percentage of VA defects, errors of refraction and squint among school children, identify risk factors of VA. Results: the prevalence of VA defects among school children was 51%, students having sever VA defects accounted for 11.8% while those with moderate VA defects accounted for 23.6% and those with minor defects accounted for 15.6%. this study showed that higher proportion 7.4% of server defects in the group above 12 years than that in age group 9:12 years 2.15% respectively , were higher among males. Contrary server defects 7.95% were higher among females.