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Abstract
This study characterized and assessed the genetic polymorphism of total seed storage proteins and isozymes as well as the genetic diversity among the studied six maize inbred lines and their 15 F 1 hybrids. The level of observed genetic diversity among genotypes was assayed using two different approaches. The relationship between genetic distance as determined by the two different approaches and combining ability as well as heterosis was also assessed. A total of 22 different zein protein bands were present in the analyzed set of maize genotypes. The electrophoretic bands showed a wide variation in their molecular weight. Most genotypes were readily identified by SDS-PAGE, but among the six yellow maize inbred lines examined, one triplicate of identical zein composition was found. The other inbred lines were uniquely identified. The zymogram of peroxidase banding patterns showed ten peroxidase anodal bands that were resolved into three major zones. Ten anodal isozyme bands were present in the esterase zymogram of the studied maize genotypes. The total esterase isozymes were resolved into two major zones. The complex isozyme patterns seen on polyacrylamide gels of maize genotypes can be used for varietal identification to supplement the storage protein analysis. Cluster analysis based on genetic distance calculated from the combined analysis of zein storage protein as well as peroxidase and esterase isozyme band differences separated the six parental lines and their 15 F 1 hybrids into ten maj or clusters. Cluster analysis based on genetic distance calculated from morpho- agronomical characters segregated the 21 maize genotypes into eight clusters. The correlation coefficients between genetic distance among the parents and heterosis, per se hybrid performance as well as specific combining ability exhibited by their cross combinations for grain yield were non-significant.