الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF LOWER URINARY TRACTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Neurogenic bladder refers to bladder dysfunction resulting from a congenital abnormality, injury, or disease process of the brain, spinal cord, or local nerve supply to the bladder and its outlet.
Muscarinic receptors antagonists remain the most commonly used drugs in the management of neurogenic bladder. The most frequently used antimuscarinic drugs are oxybutinin, tolterodine, trospium and propiverine. All these drugs have been evaluated in clinical trials.
BTA injections have been shown to induce a dramatic decrease in bladder afferent neuron markers within the suburothelium of responder the vanilloid and purinergic receptors TRPV1 and P2X3. Intravesical resiniferatoxin (RTX) has been used with variable efficacy to treat intractable lower urinary tract symptoms, particularly those associated with neurogenic detrusor overactivity.
Multiple surgical techniques to enhance detrusor contractility and emptying failure include, Latissimus dorsi bladder myoplasty, Reduction Cystoplasty was suggested as a concept for bladder remodeling. to improve voiding and minimize infection .