الفهرس 
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Abstract
GPS (Global Positioning System) has been established by the
United States Department of Defense (U.S. - DoD) starting from 1978 to
provide their troops a reliable and seamless means of navigation and
timing.
Early at that time: the surveying community - was the pioneer
community among the civilian society to understand and develop more
and more applications for the GPS system.
This was completely normal as the surveying community has been
involved for centuries before that time using natural celestial bodies like
stars, planets and recently artificial satellites for mapping and position
determination.
GPS now plays an important rule in the surveying practice where a
huge number of applications have been derived and more facilities for
implementing the GPS system in the surveying practice are being added
day after day.
In many countries: different survey (including some of the very
recent) practices using GPS has been formalized and organized in terms
of the modem trends of quality management which specifies strictly: the
end product, the equipment and procedures used to produce that product
and the background of the personnel utilizing the specified equipment
using pre-defined procedures to produce that end product with a given
measures of reliability.
Unfortunately this is not the case in many other countries where
there is no public interest for formalizing such standards and
specifications or agreement upon defined procedures for using GPS in
different survey practice. And among those countries is: our country -
Egypt
But fortunately the academic community in Egypt is very alert and
aware to all those trends and pushes hard in discussing this subject,
collecting all information about it, analyzing it, and finally putting
strategies and participating in formalizing those standards and
specifications.
This thesis is a modest effort which attempts to cover the GPS
applications in surveying - especially recent ones, introducing the
planning factors which should be discussed and verified for the use of
GPS in those applications and finally introduces the recent concepts of
quality control and the measures used now in judging the quality of
product in GPS survey practice.