الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The problem of continuing hunger and malnutrition will be solved through improvement in the economic and social condition tthe poor class people. Large proportion of the malnourished are the rural poor; the sector mainly affected by developments In agricul ture. Migration of young workers is the pathway toward economic improvement. Migrants used to leave their home seeking for improving their income. Changes in income modify food consumption and other behaviour patterns affecting the nutritional status of different population groups, particularly the lower income group. The objective of the present work was to assess the impact of migration and associated high income on the nutritional status of the farn! ly . This study was carried out in five villages in Alex, Sehera and Gharbia governorate. I t was conducted on two samples: migrant ~d non-migrant households. The first sample (migrant households) whose head have been working abroad for a period oot less than 12 months and was composed of 150 households. The ”. second sample, matched in size and socio environmental characteristics, whose head earns his income locally, formed ~the control group (non-migrant households). 170 young child in migrant households and 165 in non-migrants constituted the vulnerable sector in the study. The technique used was the interview schedule for the female-head or the household. .j mations on the rollowing items were collected: 1- Migration characteristics. , 2- Household characteristics. 3- Economic status; it was very dirricult to estimate the total income or the households. Certain economic indicators were used as: estimation or tangible wealth (home and livestock ownership, ownership or means or recreation nd home equipment); determination or monthly expenditure on rood; order of preference in utilising surplus income. q- food habits and dietary practices. 5- Dietary consumption Crood and nutrient intake) was assessed using the dietary history technique. 6- Assessment or the nutritional status or vulnerable group in the household was done through Anthropometric assessment or young children. J{ j IM ~~tained results could be summarized as follows: , A 1- Migration characteristics. Generally the ages o~ the majority o~ migrant workers I! J ” ranged between 20-~O years, with a mean age o~ 31.8 years. Most of them (72.7~) have gone to Iraq and worked as construction workers. The main motive ~or their migration was to acquire bride money followed by the desire to construct building and accumulate savings. The period of migration ranged among them from 12 months to 8 years with a mean of 2.8 +/- 1.~ years. ~ Economic findings. a- The higher proportion of income was spent on food. The mean Food monthly expenditure per household was significantly higher in migrant tM~M !M non-migrant (92.5 Epds) households, (P<O.05). The period of migration in migrant households was positively correlated with the value of income expended on food percapita per household, (P<O.05). b- There was a signiFicant diFference in the utilisation of surplus income of migrant and non-migrant households; (P<O.05). c- The economic indicator home and livestock ownership did not rerlect any sizable dirrerence between migrant and non-migrant households. There was a signiricant dirrerence between them in the ownership or means or recreation. Food habits and dietary practices. a- migrant and non-migrant households dirrered signiricantly in a number or ways regarding their rood habits. There was no special dish or any new method or rood preparation or cooking was imported. b- There was no dirrerence between migrants and non-migrants in the method or rood choice ror the household and it was usually the responsibility or the female head or household. c- The distribution or meat and other animal roods within the ramily dirrered signiricantly CP<O.OS) between migrant and non-migrant households. The rather got more share or animal roods in non-migrant households than migrants. d- Food habits or vulnerable groups. Food habits or vulnerable groups did not record any difrerence between migrant and non-migrant households concerning their dietary practices or the nature or diet and the quality or variety or roods consumed. As regards inrant reeding practices there was no detectable dirrerence between migrant and non-migrant households in their infant feeding pattern. e- Dietary practices during visits of the migrant. All migrant households practiced a similar pattern of feeding during visits of migrant, more consumption of meat, poultry and fruits was practiced daily during the whole period of visit. Dietary consumption. Food Intake.:- The mean food intake was higher in migrant households than in non-migrants, but the difference was significant only in case of cereals, pulses, eggs, fish and poultry. Nutrient Intake:- The mean intake of Energy and all macronutrients was significantly higher CP<O.Ol) in migrant than in non-migrant households. Migrant households consumed significantly higher amounts from Uitamin A, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin and Ascorbic Acid, Than non-migrants. Calcium and Iron intake of migrants exceeded significantly CP<O.Ol) that of non-migrant households. 5- Assessment of the nutritional status of young children. Anthropometric findings revealed that the mean values for height and weight of young children in migrants were significantly higher than those of non-migrant households in most age groups. Severe degree undernutrition and the prevalence of combined first and second degree undernutrition was higher in non-migrant ~ households than migrants young children. In conclusion,this study provided a definite proof that migration of the head of the family and associated high income have a great influence on food habits and food consumption patterns in the household. Also improvement of household economic position was positively associated with improvement of the nutritional status of young children. from this study it can be recommended that nutrition education of mothers and housewives in supplementary feeding of their young children, in the proper system of intrafamilial food distribution, in the construction of well balanced diet specially during pregnancy and lactation,is of utmost important.