الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Aim of the work - To study the prevalence of upper resp iratory tract illnesses in infants under two years of age in ABBTS (11) village. - To study the effect of the different ecological factors in the epidemiology of upper respiratory infections in infants under two years of age in ABBIS (11) village. Strategy ,-”. Cross-sectional study of infants(O-2 years) population at the village ABBIS (1I) , The tools were an interviewing questionnaire of mothers, general clinical examination of the Lr1fant ,rlth errphasis on the re~) i.ratory tract and ’”,eighing of e-ach infant with determination of thq t::orresponding weight percentile. A pilot: Eitudy was t:ndertaken to e:::tirnate the relevancy of the tools to the objectives . A systemic s,:un;)le constituted by selecting each other block from a total of 64 blocks, was made to include all infants under two years of age in the 32 blocks, and yeilded 220 infants , - Results showed that: Upper resp iratory infections were very common during the first two years of life. The age specific prevalence rate was fA.6/ 100 infants. Boys were affected apparently more than females(57.7&42.3) respectively. Birth order of the infant was significant factor when combined with high sleeping crowding index. Infant breast feeding during the first two years of life was a protective factor. It constibJted(23 .3&44 .9) respectively, am::mg the diseased and non-diseased infants. Most of the diseased infants (99.3) had frequent upper respiratory infections during the last three months. Hany parents seeked no medical advice for their siblings (56.1+) . Upper respiratory infections were commonly preceded by gastro entritis (38 .7) , lower resp iratory infections(2l.l) , bronchial asthma(16.2) and other allergic disorders(11.3). The duration of these illnesses had longer course(6-l0 days) among the diseased infants(54), than the non-diseased infants(O-S days), (44.1). Recurrent courses of these illnesses were more(44.4) , among the diseased infants than the non-diseased(lO.3) . Pediatric exanthematous infections were l.IDcormnon ,except for, chiken-pox with higher percentage (19 .7) in the diseased infants than the non-diseased (6.4) during the last three m:mths. Vaccination was mainly incoIl{>leted among the diseased infants (84.5) than the non-diseased(56.4). Weights percentiles were mainly below median (79 .1) , with more percentage in the diseased infants than the non-diseased (89 .4&60 .3) respectively. Rickets was infrequent (3 .6) , P.E.H was absent in the non-diseased infants, and present with high percentage in the diseased infants (27 .5) . Anaemia was prevalent among the diseased than the non-diseased infants(9l.8&19.2) respectively. Fathers were mainly Ucrmers or labourers(85.9), and illiterates(88.2). Mothers were also, illiterates and house-wives(91.8). Percapita income was generally poor(86 .8 . Significant effect of sle8?ing crowding index together with other irrportant factors,for example, father Sooking habit, other ty?es of in-door smoke hazards, number of siblings in the house and the socio-economic level. The socio-economic level was generally low(95), houses were badly areated(92.7) . Smoking fathers (72 .3) in the presence of crowded sleeping areas was significant influencing factor in the incidence of ~per resp iratory infections. 98.2of infants had sroke producing type of fuel in their homes. Heat source in the winter was mainly Sooke producing(50 .9) or absent (46 .8 . Sroke hazards in the house had significant effect on the incidence of upper respiratory infections. Nursing position of the infant was the horizontal(63.6) and has no effect on the incidence of upper respiratory infections. Number of siblings in the house was four or more in (77 .4) of famil ies with a significant effect on the incidence of upper respiratory infections. Most of the diagnosis was rhinitis plus other forms of upper resp iratory illnesses (52 .3),. primary rhinitis(9.6) and primary O.M(2.7). Normal infants (35.4) . Mean duration of upper respiratory disease was 12.05 days, and most of the children in contact with the diseased infants catched the same illness (76.1) . The follmving recommendations were suggested : - Promotion of the domcillary sanitation. - Promote inplementation of the ~resent vaccination efforts. Improvement of the recording and reporting system of upper respiratory infections. - Prorrotion of exclusive community health education programne. - Care for the rule of the family size and structure in the epidemiology of upper respiratory infections. - Inprovement of the socio-economic standards. - Control of environmental pollution. - Promotion of the research units. - Proper training of the health staff personnel to deal with the problem.