الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study of viscous fluids viscoelastic fluids and other fluids has recently attracted the attention of many researchers this is due to the increasing importance of its applications in the industrial processing chemical engineering geophysics petroleum drilling manufacturing of foods and many other similar activities the boundar layer concept of such fluids is of special impartance due to its applications to many engineering problemsamong which we cite the possibility of reducing frictional drag on the hulls of ships and submarines.