الفهرس 
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Abstract
Mangrove forests represent a specific ecosystem located near estuaries and deltas the mangroves are salt tolerant trees by the aid of some adaptive structures and behaviors the mangrove ecosystems are very productive systems with high diversity of fauna mac nae 1968 riley and robert 2005 in the mangrove website mentioned that mangrove trees offer significant and unique habitats to birds mammals crustaceans and fish populations through a complex marine food chain creation of breeding habitats and establishment of restricitve areas that offer protection for maturing offspring.