الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Parvovirus B19 is a small DNA virus, which was discovered by chance in 1975, it is worldwide in distribution. B19V only causes an infection in humans; cat and dog parvoviruses do not infect humans. The natural route of transmission of B19V is through respiratory DROPlets, the virus appears, to be readily transmitted with close contact. During pregnancy, B19V can be transmitted from mother to fetus
of the population will become immune following infection at some time in their past. Infection with B 19V, displays a variety of clinical manifestations ranging trom asymptomatic to severe infection, depending on age, gender, and the immune and hematological status of the host. Also, there were two possibilities; first, that the infected individuals may have a genetic or acquired predisposition, which renders them susceptible for a certain course of infection; second, the difference in the B 19V genome may result in different outcomes of infection. The author, documented from the study for the second possibility, that the comparisons between the different extracted virus isolates at the DNA and protein levels, revealed that, isolates trom patients with persistent B 19V infection show a tendency towards higher genome variability with respect to isolates derived from persons with acute infection. In children B 19V infection is usually a mild febrile exantematous illness but in adults, the arthropathy is common and usually brief and selflimited, although 600/0 of women and 300/0 of men have an arthropathy which may be severe and persistent. Primary infection by B 19V is often accompanied by arthropathy of varying duration. Genomic B19V -DNA can persist in synovial membrane not only in patients with chronic arthropathy but also in healthy immunocompetent individuals. Little is known about the ability of B 19V to establish latency whether the vims becomes reactivated, or reinfection of the host occurs. The few data on secondary B 19V infections are restricted to immunocompromised patients. This may reflect either rarity of B 19V reinfections or inadequate detection methods. 1D The present study included: I. 25 arthritic patients and 25 nonarthritic control patients of both gender; male and female, their ages ranged from 3 to 75 years. Their blood (senun) was tested for the presence of anti-Bl9V IgM and anti-Bl9V IgG by ELISA. The synovial membrane samples from eleven arthritic patients and eleven nonarthritic patients were tested by nPCR for the presence of BI9V-DNA and the blood grouping were detennined for all patients. 2. Two hundred vohmtary blood donors, from Egypt and Yemen (100 blood donors from each country). Only males, their ages ranged from 18-55 years. Their blood(sera) was tested for the presence of anti-Bl9V IgG by ELISA. * All relevant infonnations were collected from all blood donors including personal and health data. a The result obtained from the present study: I. As regards gender: Out of 25 arthritic patients; 10 cases (40) were males and 15 cases (60)were females, while among the nonarthritic control, 18 cases (72) were males and 7 cases (28) were females. 2. Anti-B19V IgM and anti-B19V IgG: j. In arthritic patients; out of 25 cases,anti-B 19V IgM was detected in 3 cases (12), while anti-Bl9V IgG was detected in 9 cases (36). ii. In nonarthritic control patients;all 25 cases were anti-B 19V IgM negative, while anti-Bl9V IgG was detected in 10 cases(40~o). j. Blood grouping: j. In arthritic patients; Out of 25 cases Blood group A was found in 11 cases (44),4 cases (160/0) in blood group B, one case (4.0) in blood AB, and 9 cases (36) in blood group O.