الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
The present work included the results achieved from storing
soybean seeds (variety Crawford) and two varieties of sorghum grains
(variety Dorado and variety Framida) which characterized by low tannin
content and high tannin content, respectively.
”
The .inoculated soybean seeds and sorghum grains stored under
atmospheric air, carbon dioxide ,and nitrogen for 3 and 6 months. The
isolates of aflatoxin-producing fungi have been chosen to inoculate the
tested samples of soybean seeds and sorghum grains. They were isolated
from the soybean seeds and sorghum grains which have been used in this
study. The aim of this work is to study the effect of storage conditions
under different gaseous condition on the chemical composition of
soybean and sorghum and on the production of aflatoxins.
The -obtained data for soybean seeds and sorghum grams are
summarized as follows:
1- Soybean seeds:
1- Aspergitlus niger was the dominant fungus from fungi which were
isolated from soybean (variety Crawford).
2-Chemical composition of soybean seeds has been determined before
and after storage under carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the presence of
fungi compared with storage of seeds under atmospheric air. Total
carbohydrate was decreased under’atmospheric air.
3- The percentage of oil is high under atmospheric air.
4-Each of proteins, total soluble sugars were increased.
5-Each of ash and fiber were increased directly with increase storage
periods.
Conclusion: storage under N2 is best than storage under CO2 and
atmospheric air.
6-The separation, identification and determination of fatty acids extracted
from soybean seeds before and after storage under air, CO2 and N2 in
the presence of fungi for 3 and 6 months were determined and the
results revealed the following points.
When soybean seeds stored under air for 3 and 6 months, short
chain fatty acids were appeared and each of oleic, linoleic and linolenic
were decreased but palmitic, and stearic acids increased under these
conditions.
Storage of soybean seeds under CO2 for 3 and 6 months showed an
increment in palmitic and stearic acid. Showed an increment after 3
months of-storage and it decreased- after 6 months of storage, also oleic
acid decreased when soybean seeds stored under CO2 months, each of
linoleic and linolenic remained constant.
Storage of soybean seeds under N2 for 3 and 6 months caused an
increase in palmitic and stearic acids, but there is a slight decrease in
oleic acid. On other hand, each of linoleic and linolenic remain constant.
2- Sorghum grains
1-Alternaria alternatia is the dominant fungus in case of sorghum (low
tannins, variety Dorado). Penicillium corylophilum; Aspergillus niger
and Alternaria altematia were the most dominant fungi, in case of
sorghum (high tannins, variety Framida). ., . JJ
2- Chemical composition of sorghum grains has been determined before
and after storage under carbon dioxide and nitrogen, in the presence of
fungi, compared with storage of seeds under atmospheric air. Total, a
carbohydrate was decreased under atmospheric air.
3- The percentage of oil is high under atmospheric air.
4- Each of proteins, total soluble sugars were increased.
5- Each of ash and fiber were increased directly with increase storage
periods.
Conclusion: storage under N2 is best than storage under CO2 an 1
atmospheric air.
6- The separation, identification and determination of fatty acids
extracted from sorghum grains before and after storage under air, CO2
and N2 in the presence of inoculated fungi for 3 and 6 months were
determined and the results revealed the foHowing points.
When sorghum grams stored under air for 3 and 6 months, short
chain fatty acids were appeared and each of oleic, linoleic and linolenic
were decreased but palmitic, and stearic acids increased under these
conditions.
Storage of sorghum grains under CO2 for 3 and 6 months showed
an increment in palmitic and stearic acid. Showed an increment after 3
months of storage and it decreased after 6 months of storage, also oleic
acid decreased when sorghum grains stored under CO2 months, each of
linoleic and linolenic remained constant.
Storage of sorghum grains under N2 for 3 and 6 months caused an
increase inpalmitic and stearic acids, but there is a slight decrease in
oleic acid. On other hand, each of linoleic and linolenic remained
constant.
7- The tannin content when sorghum grains were stored under nitrogen,
showed no variation compared with the control and the percentage of
tannin content, remained constant, (because N2 may be inhibit fungal
or prevent fungal growth).
While the content of tannins increased in sorghum grains which
were stored under atmospheric ’air, the tannins content decreased in
sorghum grains which were stored .under CO2
Conclusion: The storage under N2 is best than storage under CO2 for
the content of grains for tannins.
8- The isolates of fungi which were screened for the production of
aflatoxins III the yeast-extract sucrose-medium (YES) showed
variation for the response of aflatoxin production.
9- Analysis of aflatoxins which p. roduced by the isolated fungi, which
was performed by thin layer chromatography or high performanceliquid-
chromatography (HPLC), showed that nitrogen prevents the
production of aflatoxins and that the type of fungus involved affects
the type and amount of aflatoxins produced.