الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
In this thesis, we could study the lethality and some biochemical effects
of the Sistrurus milarius venom on experimental animals; white Swiss albino
rats. We can summarize the data gained in this work as follow:
1- The lethality (Median lethal dose LDso was determined in mice and found
to be 9.72 ug/gm. mice which is considered weak in relation to other snake
venoms of the same family (Crotalidae) or other families as Viperdae or
Elapidae and this was shown in table (1&2).
2- As regards the effect of the S.m.b. venom on carbohydrate metabolism, it
was found that both the sublethal and chronic doses of the venom produced a
hyperglycaemic effect of serum glucose in rats and a corresponding decrease
in liver and muscle content of glycogen.
This action can be suggested to be done by the venom through either its
action which is similar to adrenaline hormone, or through the inhibition of
insulin secretion from the beta-cells of pancrease. The mobilizing effect of the
venom on liver and muscle glycogen was supposed to be achieved either
through the effect of the venom on both the hypothalamo-adrenocortical and
sympatho-adrenal mechanisms of glycogenolysis or through stimulation of
adrenergic receptors.
3- The effect of the S.m.b. venom on serum enzymes (G.O.T, G.P.T, A.P and
L.D.H) using both sublethal and chronic doses revealed no significant effect
on either enzymes and this was explained by the weak lethality ofthe venom
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which could do no destructive action on the tissues e.g., liver, heart, muscle
and kidney, which are considered the main sources of these enzymes in the
serum.
4- The results gained from studying the effect of sublethal and chronic doses
of S.m.b. venom on serum electrolytes, it could be concluded that the initial
increase in sodium and decrease in potassium serum levels might be achieved
by stimulation (by the venom) of the adrenocortical activity in rats leading to
increased tubular reabsorption of sodium and increased tubular excretion of
potassium. On the other hand the influence of the venom on the cell
membrane.