الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Summary :
This work aimed at assessment of renal growth in normal human
from age 2-21 years through ultrasonic measurement of the renal
dimensions of both sides, to clarify the relations between the right and left
kidney dimensions. Also, this work aimed at assessment of physical
growth of the same studied group through estimation of the weight and
height to clarify the relations between the physical and renal growth.
This study was conducted on 120 normal persons of both sexes
from urban and rural areas, ranged in age from 2 to 21 years, divided into
20 groups, each consisted of 6 persons from both sexes with one year
interval. They were 65 males (20U. and 45.R.) and 55 females (33U. and
22R.). This studied group was subjected for the followings: 1) complete
history, physical examination and laboratory tests such as urine analysis to
exclude any chronic diseases. 2) The physical growth was assessed by
estimation of weight and height. 3) The renal growth was assessed by
ultrasonic estimation of renal length, antero-posterior diameter, width and
volume of both sides.
In the present study, the mean age of the studied group was 11.9±
5.8 years; the mean weight was 41.9±23.8 kgm, while the mean height
was 133.6±28.0 em. The mean age of male group was 11.6±5.7 years,
while the mean age offemale group was 12.2±5.9 years, but statistically
this difference was insignificant;the mean weight of male group was 40.7±
21.5 kgm, while the mean weight of female group was 43.4±26.5 kgm, but
statistically this difference was insignificant; the mean height of male
group was 132.0±26.4 em, while the mean height offemale group was
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135.5±29.9 em, but statistically this difference was insignificant. The mean
weight of urban group was 45.9±27 .8 kgm, while the mean weight of rural
group was 38.8±19.9 kgm, but statistically this difference was
insignificant, the mean height of urban group was 136.7±29.5 em, while
the mean height of rural group was 131.1±26.8 em, but statistically this
difference was insignificant.
from this study, the mean lengthofrightkidneywas8.9±1.7cm,
while the mean length of left kidney was 9.2±1.6 em, but statistically this
difference was insignificant. The mean antero-posterior diameter of right
kidney was 3.6±O.6 em, while the mean antero-posterior diameter of left
kidney was 3.5±O.6 em, but statistically this difference was insignificant.
The mean width of right kidney was 4.6±O.8 em, while the mean width of
left kidney was 4.5±0.9 em, but statistically this difference was
insignificant. The mean volume of right kidney was 84.0±39.2 cm3, while
the mean volume of left kidney was 84.7±39.6 cm3, but statistically this
difference was insignificant.
from this study, at period 2-5 years, the mean length of right kidney
was 6.6±0.8 em, while the mean length of left kidney was 6.9±O.8 em, but
statistically this difference was insignificant. At period 6-9 years, the mean
length of right kidney was 8.4±O.6 em, while the mean length of left
kidney was 8.5±O.5cm, but statistically this difference was insignificant.
At period 10-13 years, the mean length of right kidney was 9.O±1.1em,
while the mean length of left kidney was 9.3±0.3 em, but statistically this
difference was insignificant. At period 14-17 years, the mean length of
right kidney was I0.1±O.5cm, while the mean length of left kidney was
10.3±O.6 em, but statistically this difference was insignificant. At period
18- 21years, the mean length of right kidney was IO.7±1.1cm, while the
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mean length of left kidney was II.3±1.lcrn, but statistically this difference
was insignificant. Also, statistically, the differences between the other
dimensions of right kidney and left kidney at each period of age were
insignificant.
from this study, the mean length of right kidney of male group was
8.811.7 em, while the mean length of right kidney of female group was 9.1
±1.7 em, but statistically this difference was insignificant. The mean length
of left kidney of male group was 9.l±1.5 em, while the mean length of left
kidney of female group was 903±l.7 em, but statistically this difference
was insignificant. Also, statistically, the differences between the other
renal dimensions of male and female group were insignificant.
from this study, the mean length of right kidney of urban group was
9.1±1.8 em, while the mean length of right kidney of rural group was 8.9±
1.7 em, but statistically this difference was insignificant. The mean length
of left kidney of urban group was 9.4±1.6 em, while the mean length of
left kidney of rural group was 9.0±1.6 em, but statistically this difference
was insignificant. Also, statistically the differences between the other renal
dimensions of urban and rural groups were insignificant.
from this study, the length, antero-posterior, width and volume of
right and left kidneys showed good positive significant correlations with
age, weight and height of the studied group. The length and volume of
right and left kidneys showed high positive correlation with the height than
age and weight of studied group. Thus, we can predict the length of right
and left kidney from regression equation as follows:
Length of right kidney (em), = 2.89+age (0.071) + height (0.039).
Length of left kidney (em) = 3.35 + age (0.085) + height (0.036).
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Conclusions:
1) The renal sonography provides a simple way to measure the renal
dimensions at any age without preparation or any hazards.
2) The renal sonography provides a simple way to assess the renal growth.
3) There was no significant difference between the right and left renal
dimensions at different age groups.
4) There was no significant difference between the right and left renal
dimensions in relation to sex and residence.
S) The renal dimensions were correlated with the physical growth, (weight
and height) and the renal length was more related to the height than the
age and weight.
6) The renal length can be predicted from the regression equation by using
the age and height.
Recommendations:
Lastly, we can recommend the followings:
1- Large prospective scale will be needed to put a standard for Egyptian
renal dimensions at all age groups.
2- Further study is needed for making a regression equation for kidney
dimensions more and more accurate.