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Abstract
Astigmatic keratotomy (arcuate incisions) was performed on 50 eyes. The mean of preoperative astigmatism was -3.3 D with range of -5.75 to -2.00 Diopters the spherical which were allowed in the study were ? -2 D of errors ranged from -2.00 to -0.50 D. According to the cause of the astigmatism the patients were divided into two groups, group I: which involved 29 patients with primary astigmatism (idiopathic or congenital), and group II, which involved 21 patients with secondary astigmatism (postoperative and posttraumatic).The patients whom were les,s than • 18 years of age, had systemic disease, and local diseases as irregular astigmatism, keratoconus, glaucoma, macular lesions, and myopic degeneration, were excluded from the study, and whom were not followed with regular follow up were also excluded from the study.The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness, predictability complications and limitations of astigmatic keratotomy in the two groups.Preoperatively, every patient was subjected to the following: refraction by autorefractometer, visual acuity test by Snellen chart best corrected and uncorrected, Keratometery (Kl, -K2) and their’axis c’orneal topography, and coraeal thickness measured by ultrasonic pachymetery.The operation was done under topical anesthesia, using single edged diamond blade was set at 80% and 90% of the paracentral pachymetery reading, optic zone were ranged from 5 mm to 7 mm, the length of the incisions were ranged from 40 to 70 degrees according to Lindstorm’nomogram as an indicator for the number, length, depth, and optical zone diameter.