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Abstract
Three rhizobacterial strains i.e., Serratia sp., Paenibacillus polymyxa and Pseudomonas fluorescens were examined in virto for achieving the traits that being related to plant growth promoting effects as well as, two pot experiments were carried out to study the impacts of rhizobacterial co-inoculation on growth and productivity of lupine or chickpea plants under sand soil conditions infested with Fusarium solani or Rhizoctonia solani, respectively. Rhizobacterial strains were applied either singly or combined with nodulating Bradyrhizobium (lupine) or Mesorhizobium (chickpea) plants or as mixed inoculants. The qualitative assay revealed that the tested PGPRs expressed variable magnitudes of PGP-related properties with superiority of P. polymyxa and Serratia sp. in IAA, cyanide, siderophores, chitinase and protease production as well as P-solubilization and fungal antagonistic effect. The quantities of IAA by rhizobacteria were 12.0, 13.5, 14.01, 21.8 and 26.5 µg/ml synthesized by Mesorhizobium ciceri, Bradyrhizobium sp. (lupinus), P. polymyxa, Serratia and Ps. fluorescens, respectively. Concerning the damping-off of lupine and chickpea plants caused by Fusarium and Rhizoctonia, respectively, results revealed that all tested co-inoculants had ability to suppress the pre and post emergence damping-off for the two plants, particularly Serratia in vivo. Furthermore, there is significant depression occurred in the nodulation, growth aspects and yield of lupine and chickpea plants due to artificial infection with pathogens under investigation. However, co-inoculation approach resulted in improving the nodulation status and plant vigor and consequently the productivity of lupine and chickpea plants. Moreover, co-inoculants which comprised Bradyrhizobium or Rhizobium with Serratia exhibited superiority for hastening all parameters under investigation.