الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Mitral valve prolapse is one of the most prevalent cardh abnormalities which affect up to 5% of general population and 17%( young women and girls .
It has a well-recognized association with heritable connectiv tissue disorders including Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome osteogenesis imperfecta, and pseudoxanthoma elasticum
It is a multifactorial valvular abnormality that can be caused b; histological abnormalities of valvular tissue, geometric disparitie; between the left ventricle and mitral valve, or various connectiv tissue disorders. Leaflet thickening and redundancy, known a: myxomatous degeneration, is the most common and clinicall) important of these abnormalities. Myxomatous degeneration if characterised grossly by leaflet thickening and redundancy with interchordal hooding, chordal elongation, and annular dilatation.
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) should be accepted not as a single entity but as a spectrum of abnormalities with various clinical, echocardiographic, and pathological features.
Tissue Doppler imaging, which uses Doppler to quantify the velocity of tissue rather than blood, has been available as a clinical tool for over a decade.L
Pulse wave-tissue Doppler provides a spectral display of the peak tissue velocities with tissue velocities in the y-axis and time in the x-axis. An advantage of pulsed TDE is an improved temporal resolution and the ability to quantify peak rather than mean