الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION and AIM OF THE WORKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours worldwide, accounting for an estimated 1 million deaths annually. In Egypt, HCC constitutes about 2.3 % of all cancers. It is one of the few human cancers for which an underlying etiology can be identified in most cases, because it almost occurs against all background of chronic liver diseases.
This study was carried on 75 liver specimens of Egyptian patients b taken during the period between 1999 & 2004 from the Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufiya University. Forty five cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 15 cases of cirrhosis, 10 cases of chronic HCV infection, and 5 cases were normal liver from donors. Of the HCC c.ises 33 (73.3%) were male and 12 (6.7%) were female with a M/F ratio of2.75;.I.The mean age±SD was 55.7 f 10.5.
Histopathological examination of the HCC cases revealed 5/45 cases of grade 1 (11.1%), 15/45 grade II (33.3%), 20/45 grade 1.11 (44.4%)and 5/45 grade IV (11.1%). Liver functions were observably deteriorated and serum AFP is highly raised especially in high grades. The AFP (mean± SD) were 3 8.1± 43.1 and 159.5± 85.6 for both grades I and VI.
The high grade of HCC was significantly correlated with large tumour size, solid histological pattern and pleomorphic cell type. High mitotL score (++++) was significantly related to the high grades of HCC tumour. The mitotic scores (mean j: SD) were (4.4 + 3.78), (9,2 + 2.8),(23.6 + 10.9) and (31.2 + 5.54) regarding grades I, II, III and IV respectively.
In our study, HCC subgroups were (HCC on top of cirrhosis with chronic HCV infection in 27/45 (60.0%), HCC on top of cirrhosis.