الفهرس 
Anatomy of the lumbar spineOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the lumbar spine segmental instability or movement over degenerative joints can be a cause of severe back pain. Often the illness in these chronic cally disabled patients has a long history. Not seldom they have undergone several surgical procedures of different kinds such as laminectomy and herniectomy, explorations and even fusion.
After all these operations it can be very difficult to find the reason for persistance of the pian the present study, which is focused on this category of patients with many years of severe disablement is based on the hypothesis that the severe pain basically emanates from a kind of instability between one of several segments within the lower lumbar area. The instability is itself may result in back pain often radiating to legs and/or buttocks, not only by a direct mechanical effect, but also in some cases through consequent inflammatory reaction in surrounding soft tissue.