الفهرس 
Pain Physiology
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Abstract
In this study 60 patients ASA I were classified into 3 equal groups according to the analgesic drug , with epidural Ropivaceuine, Neostigmine and ketamine for post operative Analgesia in the lower half of the body.
This work was designed to evaluate and compare the analgesic effect of Ropivacaine, Neostigmine and ketamine when given epidurally before the skin incision in addition to general Anesthesia in post operative first request for analgesia ,pain scores, and diclofenac consumption during 24 hours.
This study demonstrated that injection of Neostigmine epidurdly in addition to general Anesthesia before skin incision, results in longer duration of Analgesia, better pain scores and reduced diclofenac consumption in the first 24 hours post operatively in comparison with the other 2 drugs (Ketamine & Ropivacaine) while the Ropivacaine was found to be the best during the first 3 hours post operatively