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Abstract
This thesis (Bio treatment for dyeing wool/viscose with reactive dyes in one bath dyeing method) has three main parts:- The first part contains literature in three chapters 1. chapter one (wool, viscose and wool / cellulose blends) fabrics, we mentioned to the structure of each fabrics physical properties and chemical properties. 2. chapter two (reactive dyes), we mentioned to the reactive system, structure and properties of reactive dyes, types of classification, dyeing of (regenerated cellulosic materials, wool, wool / cellulose blends) with reactive dyes.
3. chapter three (enzyme),we mentioned to etymology and history, structure, enzymatic mechanism factors influencing enzyme. enzymatic classification application on wool and cotton, Brewer’s yeast. The second part contains the experimental part we applied it in two stages.
The third part contains results and discussions we concluded that: In First Stage: studying the effective factors on the dyeing to obtain the closest colour strength on the fabrics (wool 100% viscose 100% wool 30% viscose 70%) this stage without any pre treatment, we study the factors as follows:-
1. Effect of dye concentration (kayacelon react dyes). This factor was studied for each color (yellow-blue) on the three fabrics (wool, viscose, and wool /viscose blend) which were dyed in the same bath, using different concentration from 0.5% to 4%, we found that with the increasing of dyestuff concentration in the dyebath the colour strength increases.
2 Effect of pH range. The effect of pH range of the dyeing Bath for each color were studied on the three fabrics (wool, viscose, and wool /viscose blend) which were dyed in the same bath. The range of pH were: (5 to 9 pH), we found that the most suitable pH which gives the smallest difference colour strength is 6-6.5 pH.
3. Effect of Glauber’s Salt concentration. The effect of Glauber’s salt concentration were studied on the three fabrics (wool, viscose, and wool /viscose blend) which were dyed in the same bath. The different concentrations of Glauber’s salt were (without to 20 g/L), we found that the most suitable salt conc. which gives the smallest difference colour strength are 10 g/L.
4. Effect of temperature, The different temperature were studied to achieve the optimum temperature for near or same exhaustion on wool and viscose fabrics. The temperature range were (70 to 100°C), we found that the most suitable temp. which gives the smallest difference colour strength is 100°C.
5. Effect of time, The time of dyeing process is important to determinate the best time of good dyeing on wool, viscose and blend fabrics The time range which studied were ( 45 to 120 min.), we found that the most suitable time which gives the smallest difference colour strength is 90 min.
6. Effect of L:R, Were studied on the three fabrics ( wool, viscose, and wool /viscose blend) which were dyed in the same bath, The L:R was as follows (1:10 tol: 30), we found that the most suitable ratio which gives the smallest difference colour strength is 1:10
And thus we could illuminate the most suitable factors which gave the smallest difference colour strength in dyeing the three fabrics without any pretreatment.