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Abstract
Many pervious studies have discussed the applicability of uses Water Hyacinth as a bio indicator and a bio accumulator around industrial facilities discharging their effluents into rivers. This study investigates the applicability of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as a bio indicator and a bio accumulator for radioactive and non radioactive elements along Rosetta branch of the River Nile
Water hyacinth, shore sediment, up stream River Nile water, and liquid effluent samples were collected from 36 sites covering the area from EL safe to Rachid city. Samples were distributed around the industrial facilities such as EL Coke Coal factory and Basic Chemicals Factory at El Tabien and Fertilizer Factory at Kafr El Zayat.
The activity concentration of ^ 226 Ra (of ^ 238 U) 232 Thseries, and 40K in water hyacinth, shore sediment, up stream river Nile water, and water effluents, were determined using Gamma Spectrometer based on hyper pure germanium detector. The concentration of total uranium in water hyacinth, up stream water, and water effluents was determined by Laser Flourimeter. The concentration of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, and Pb. was determined in Up stream river water and liquid effluents by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). The elemental concentration of Na, Ca, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Zr, Sb, Cs, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Hf, Ta, Th, and U was determined in water hyacinth by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA).
Results show that water hyacinth is sensitive indicator to anthropogenic effects where the highest elemental concentration as well as Bio Accumulation Factors were found around the industrial facilities. Not only the effect of site variation influenced the elemental concentration of water hyacinth but also other external parameters such as thermal Pollution. The pollution load index (PLI) was used to express the impact of pollution and estimated.