الفهرس 
Uses of mushroomsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was focused on the mushrooms in Egypt. It included several considerations: these were cultivation on different substrates, analysis of the substrates (before cultivation and after harvesting), the enzyme activity and interaction between the different utilized substrates and the cultivated mushroom, analysis of different Pleurotus species and survey for wild mushrooms and same related genera in Gharbia Governorate. Several low-cost agricultural materials have been tried as substrates for cultivation of Pleurotus sajor-caju. Five substrates were chosen(rice straw, flax straw, bagasse, whitewood and beech sawdust) to compare the suitability of different substrates for the cultivation of mushroom. The data obtained showed that the degree of growth of the mycelia of P. sajor-caju on flax straw was heavy dense compared to the other utilized substrates and this was followed by that of rice straw. Although the total yield (evaluated by weight) on both flax and rice straw was very close, the number of mushrooms on flax straw was quiet bigger. Biological analysis of the utilized substrates before spawning and after harvesting indicated an increase in the amounts of nitrogen contents, total protein and ash contents, as a result of cultivations of P. s a j o r - c a j u . The degree of increase in nitrogen and ash contents in each of the utilized substrate were paralleled to the quantity of mushroom harvested from each one. The increase in total protein in all of the utilized substrates could be attributed to the remanents of mycelia and harvesting mushroom in the utilized substrates. Thus the residuals composites could be served as manure and animal feed. The utilized substrates showed a decrease in the quantities of lipid content, monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides, as well as lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose after harvesting of P. s a j o r - c a j u which prove their utilization by the cultivated species. The enzymatic activity of P. s a j o r - c a j u indicated that the group of endopeptidase were responsible for the digestion of the substrate proteins which was used for mushroom growth and yield. Sucrase activity of P. s a j o r - c a j u indicated that the rate of degradation of disaccharides from the different utilized substrates was paralleled to the productivity of mushroom on each. The rate of degradation of polysaccharides and lignin of the different utilized substrates by the enzymes of mushroom were not paralleled with the productivity of P. sajor-caju on each. On the other hand, cellulose was reported to be the major constituent utilized (among polysaccharides) in the production of mushrooms.