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Abstract Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is a newly recognised disease of man due t o free-living ameobas, most often t h e genus Naegleria. It a f f e c t s p r i n c i p a l l y children and young adults and is almost fatal. Epidemiologically it often appears t o be aquired following swimming in fresh or brackish water. A comprised review of the evaluation of our knowledge of free-living amoebae and the harmful e f f e c t s of d i f f e r e n tspecies t o man w a s emphasized. A summary of the present knowledge of the epidemiology and taxonomy of free-living amoeba and i t s incidence i n d i f f e r e n t c o u n t r i e s was also given. |