الفهرس 
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Abstract
Successful diagnosis and effective treatment for mycobacteriois are mainly depending on a rapid and sensitive identification method. PCR and LCD-microarry techniques were compared with the classical methods of Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and culturing. Two primers based on two conservative regions within the mycobacterium 16S rRNA gene were designed and amplified a DNA fragment of about 1350 bp. Regarding to the standard culture method, 80 positive individuals were identified out of 140 urine samples. The PCR showed 96.3% sensitivity and 96.7% specificity, while ZN gave 67.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The LCD-microarray analysis exhibited 100% sensitivity and specificity. One species belonging to (MTB) was identified as M. tuberculosis and positively represented by 12.5% (n=10). Five species belonging to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) were identified and represented as M. kansasii 37.5% (n=30), M. celatum 21.25% (n=17), M. gordonae 11.25% (n=9), M. chelonae 10% (n=8), and M. phlei 7.5% (n=6).