الفهرس 
Temporomandibular joint development and growthOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Fractures of the mandibular condyle account for between 25-50% of all mandibular fractures. One of the leading causes of such fractures: interpersonal violence, sport injury, falls and road traffic accidents. Fractures may be classified according to their location i.e. intracapsular, condylar neck and subcondylar fractures. Plain X-ray (Towne’s views), panoramic examination and C.T facial bones play a good role in the diagnosis of condylar fractures. The treatment of condylar fractures remains controversial, and both conservative and open reduction and internal fixation are currently used. Each method has advantages and disadvantages depending on the level of the fracture and the degree of displacement. So, treatment of condylar process fractures primarily aims at the re-establishment of undisturbed joint function with physiologic occlusion and recovery of the osseo-dicoligamentary structures. As for high level fractures (intracapsular) whether single or multiple fragments, comminuted, or medial pole should not be open but managed with observation for a 7 to 10 day period or CR and IMF, followed by physiotherapy. When functional or aesthetic disturbance manifests in later days, applying orthognathic surgery as a secondary procedure is recommended. As for the subcondylar fracture, primary surgical repair with open reduction and rigid fixation is recommended. The preliminary results suggest that a higher level fracture (condylar head and neck) is associated with poor long-term stability, whereas a lower level fractures (subcondylar) fares much better from surgery