الفهرس 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Head and neck reconstruction has always been a challenging problem: in the past, most oral and pharyngeal defects were closed primarily using skin flaps or tubed pedicle flaps of skin from the trunk. Microsurgical free flap is today the standard of care for patients with large, composite defects after tumor resections. Microvascular flaps allow for tissue augmentation of the head and neck, with restoration of symmetry, without the problem of subsequent atrophy and resorptionز Free tissue transfer is a complex technique that requires microvascular expertise. It often involves a simultaneous two-team surgical approach and multidisciplinary cooperation. We recommend microvascular free tissue transfer as a preferred method of reconstruction in appropriately selected patients with head and neck defects trying to develop more new techniques helping to achieve the maximum aethetic and functional results.