الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
1. Zirconium oxide was prepared by precipitation method from ZrOCl2.8H2O. Several catalysts containing zirconium oxide with different concentrations of titanium oxide were prepared with a fixed percentage of ammonium sulfate 15% by weight and selected concentrations of 0, 9, 18, 27, 36, 50 and 60 % as a percentage by weight of titanium oxide and have been calcinating at temperatures of 500˚, 600˚ and 750˚C. 2. Titanium oxide samples acidified at different rates of ammonium sulfate by soaking samples of titanium dioxide in the ammonium sulfate for two days. Selected concentrations of 15, 25, 35 and 50 have been studied and have been calcinating the samples at temperatures of 500˚, 600˚ and 750˚C. 3. Structure characterization of the catalysts and phase changes were determined using thermal analysis and X-ray techniques. 4. Textural properties were determined by measuring the adsorption of nitrogen at -196oC using conventional volumetric apparatus. 5. The total surface acidity of the catalysts was determined by applying the potentiometric titration of n-butylamine in acetonitrile. The nature of acid sites of the investigated catalysts was determined by pyridine adsorption measurements. 6. The catalytic activity was measured by Pechmann reaction.