الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study is carried out to clarify the cytogenetical and molecular characters of 21 prickly leaved species belonging to family Asteraceae. These are Silybum, Onopordum, Echinops, Carduus, carthamus and Atractylis. Cytological analysis obtained from chrpmosome number, chromosome length, arm ratio (L/S), total chromosome volume (TCV) and criteria of the karyotype asymmetry including A1, A2, TF%, S%, Syi index, Rec index. The results obtained found that there are substantial differences in karyotype analysis. A variety of chromosomal abnormalities were observed. Also, electrophoretic protein analysis using SDS-PAGE as well as, three isozymes (esterase – peroxidase and acid phosphatase) used to differentiate among the studied taxa. DNA-finger print using five primers were used to differentiate among the different accessions of studied taxa gave reproducible results. Micro-morphology of the spine have been studied and interphase cell cycle (G1, S & G2). All data were analyzed using cluster analysis to show the interrelation-ships among 21 accessions of the prickly leaved species of Asteraceae.