الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 134 |  |  |
| | | from | 134 | | |
Abstract
Left ventricular outflow obstruction in adults is most often due to aortic valve stenosis. This work had shown the pathophysiology and causes of valvular AS. Of the three primary causes of valvular AS; congenitally bicuspid valve with superimposed calcification, calcific disease of a trileaflet valve and rheumatic valve disease, the most common cause of valvular AS in geriatric age group is the atherocalcific valve. The proper management for almost all the valvular AS is the surgical valve replacement. Surgical aortic valve replacement has a proven role in the management of severe aortic stenosis improving both symptoms and survival. However, open heart surgery is considered a high risk procedure for most of the aging patients. Already in the United States more than 50,000 surgical aortic valve replacements are performed every year for severe aortic stenosis. In addition, a recent study showed that 33% of patients over the age 75 years were deemed too high-risk for open-heart surgery and thus were left untreated. This explains why the need for a less invasive and a less morbid solution for hundreds of high risk patients has become obvious.