الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pesticides are a broad group of heterogeneous chemicals that have contributed to dramatic increases in crop yields and in the quantity and variety of the diet. Endocrine disruption refers to toxicity that hinders the ability of cells, tissues and organs to communicate hormonally. The endocrinal system is liable to disruption by different chemical materials. Pesticide action network identified 91 pesticides with endocrine disrupting properties. Much of the initial concern regarding endocrine disrupting pesticides focused on environmental estrogens, but it was found that other hormonal systems are also target for these pesticides such as thyroid, androgen and progesterone either through agonist or antagonist effect. Wide variety of adverse health outcomes were identified as outcome from exposure to these pesticides including reduced fertility, spontaneous abortion, male and female reproductive tract abnormalities and precocious puberty. It is necessary to establish toxicological profiles of each chemical and either pre-existing or newly developed, to insure that it can be utilized safely either by the public or under specific conditions of use such as in the workplace. Endocrine disruption is a relatively new concept in risk assessment. Test methods, principles and criteria for data interpretation traditionally used in risk assessment might not be directly applicable to EDCs and further development of reliable risk assessment process for this type of substances is needed.