الفهرس 
Introduction
Flow cytometryOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Leukemias are a group of disorders characterized by the accumulation of malignant white cells in the bone marrow and blood. These abnormal cells cause symptoms because of bone marrow failure and infiltration of organs. Acute leukemia is defined as the malignant proliferation of hematopoiteic progenitor cells involving primarily the peripheral blood, and bone marrow, leading to increased number of blast cells over than 30% in the bone marrow at clinical presentation. Acute leukemia is subdivided into acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on the basis of whether the blast cells are shown to be myeloblast or lymphoblast. Flow cytometry has a great prognostic implication because of its ability to measure multiple parameters on individual cells in suspension at high speed and it is ideal for the study of leukemic cells. Immunophenotyping using monoclonal antibodies has demonstrated the heterogeneity of leukemia cell origin by lymphocyte differentiation. The recognition of accepted risk criteria at diagnosis of ALL makes it possible to characterize patients and to predict the prognosis. The present study was suggested to evaluate the role of immunophenotyping as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in childhood with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. For this purpose, laboratory data were done including CBC, bone marrow aspiration and CSF examination. Also immunophenotyping was done for patients diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CD3, CD5, CD7, CD45, CD10, CD19, cCD79a) and patients were followed up for 5 years. from the above-mentioned results, it is concluded that immunophenotyping is a powerful tool for diagnosis and prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. CD3, CD5, CD7, CD10, cCD79a and CD19 were among immune markers having relatively powerful importance in immunophenotyping of ALL.