الفهرس 
Introduction
Laboratory resultOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was included 3 levels of investigation ; (1) Laboratory investigations. (2) Greenhouse experiments. (3) Field experiments.. Resultsof this level; (OE50PDA) the best medium for the growth of S. cepivorum, for mycelial growth and number of sclerotia 4.8 × 103 sclerotium / dish. pH 6.0 showed the best growth of the fungus, giving 9.83 g fresh weight and 0.79 g dry weight, Iron (Fe) inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungus giving 0.5 cm at 5000ppm and did not give any sclerotia, T. harzianum, T. viride, G. virens and P. janthinallum achieve a best inhibition among antagonistic fungi gave 82.69%, 80.00%, 78.08% and 76.19%, respectively in radial growth of S. cepivorum, but C. minitans gave moderate inhibition rates giving 58.85% when compared with the untreated control. P. fluorescens followed by B. subtilis achieve the highest inhibition of radial growth during the incubation period, without any significant differences between them. They gave reduction in radial growth by 100% and 93.46% respectively. Cinnamon oil was the most effective on radial growth of S. cepivorum giving 94%, 100%and 100% reduction in mycelium growth at all concentrates 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% respectively, and suppressed the forming of any sclerotia, except 0.25% concentrate which gave 100sclerotia/plate, 3.33%germinated sclerotia when exposed in 0.5% cinnamon concentrate, while onion oil and garlic oils increasing the mycelial growth gradually in all concentrations giving 9cm growth over than the untreated control at 8% and forming a large number of sclerotia in all concentration, Cinnamon extract showed the highest inhibition of radial growth, sclerotial formation, and germination and reduced the mycelial growth , Onion Red peel extract gave 51.85% reduction in mycelial growth at the higher concentrate of 50 % and formed 1×103 sclerotium/plate, Sumisclex®25 showed the highest inhibition in fungal growth of the pathogen reducing the mycelial growth with 100% at the maximum concentrate giving 93.3% to 94.4% reduction, when compared with the untreated control, and suppressed sclerotial germination to be 0% all tested concentrates, respectively. The scound level showed that G. virens (D), T. harzianum (S) and P. janthinallum (S) were the best antagonistic fungi in these 3 fungal antagonists gave the same result suppressing disease incidence giving 11%, living plants 89% and disease severity between 11%and 19% when compared with control, G. virens (D) was the best antagonistic fungus in suppressing disease incidence to be 11%, 89% living plants, 11% disease severity, while P. janthinallum (D) gave the lowest effect on disease incidence with 67%, living plants 33% and disease severity 67%. B. subtilis and P. fluorescence gave high reduction in disease incidence (11.11%), disease severity (22.22%) and ratio of 88.89% living plants from treatment with B. subtilis and 11.11% disease incidence and 18.52% disease severity by P. fluorescence when compared with control. Level of field , G. virens gave the best results in reduction disease incidence to be 8.89% and 91.11% living plants when compared with natural control, B .subtilis and P. fluorescens reduced disease incidence by means of 21.48% and 22.96%, respectively. While both of them gave 78.53% and 77.04% living plants, respectively. ROW was the best treatment in reducing disease incidence, giving 8.15% and 91.85% living plants. While among the essential oils treatments, the cinnamon oil considered the best treatment giving 32.59% disease incidence and 67.40% living plants, respectively.