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Abstract
This study was carried out in Zagazig university hospital; we deal with 40 neonates complaining from hypothermia, and we investigated and managed them until discharge.
The cases were classified into 3 levels according to the temperature measurment; mild (34 to <36 oC) (22.5%), moderate (30 oC to <34 oC) (62.5%) and severe (<30 oC) (15%).The main cause of neonatal hypothermia was spesis (52.5%). The risk of neonatal hypothermia was associated with prematurity as (57.5%) of hypothermic cases were premature, also the risk of hypothermia increased with decreased the weight, (55%) had birth weight (<2500gm).
The hypothermic infants manifested mainly by lethargy (85%) refusal of feeding (75%), cyanosis (60%) and apnea (52.5 %).
There were significant difference between hypothermic and control groups as regard sepsis screen (C.RP, TLC and blood culture) p<0.05.
The hypothermic infants were significantly more likely to be acidemic (p=0.0001) hypoxic (p=0.003) and hypoglycemic (p=0.03) than normothermic infants. Moreover there were significant difference in serum potassium (p=0.042) and serum sodium (p=0.011) between hypothermic and control group.
The complications associated with hypothermia were included thrombocytopenia (45%), respiratory failure (35%), oliguria (25%), convulsion (22.5%) and (NEC) (15%. The most cause of death in hypothermia was respiratory failure (35%) then pulmonary hemorrhage (30%).The mortality rate of hypothermia was (50%), on other hand the mortality affected by multiple factors (e.g) level of hypothermia; in severe hypothermia mortality was (83.3%), cause of hypothermia; in hypothermia with sepsis mortality was (71.7%) and gestation age; mortality of premature (<32weeks) (87.5%).
We noted from the previous studies results that the neonatal hypothermia are still a serious problem which associated with high risk of morbidity and mortality.