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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of some medicinal plants grown on Egyptian desert soils in order to measure the microbial content of their rhizosphere. The effect of inoculation with biofertilizers (asymbiotic nitrogen fixing and phosphate dissolving bacteria) in the presence or absence of different forms and doses of organic matter and mineral fertilizers, on plant productivity, oil content. essential oil percentage, antimicrobial action of essential oi I on Gram negative G (-), Gram positive G (+) bacteria, fungi and yeast and oil composition of sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis L) and artemisia (Artemisia Gina L) plants grown on El-Khatatba (calcareous) and Wadi El-Natrun (sand) soils, in order to improve the growth of the two studied medicinal plants and to maximize their content of medical substances. Results have shown that artemisia and marjoram as medicinal plants grown on sandy and calcareous soils In Egyptian desert significantly responded to biofertilization which positively affected plants’ growth characters and the essential oil content and it’s potency against G (-) and G (+) bacteria, fungi and yeast. Therefore, it could be possible to partially replace biofertilizers instead of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to reduce the costs of mineral fertilization of both nutrient elements, and avoid the hazard of environmental pollution.