الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work deals with studying the composition of some Egyptian shale deposits from the textural, mineralogical and chemical composition viewpoint, as well as their physical and mechanical properties. This was achieved through studying several geological sections and applying various methods and techniques. Furthermore, this study deals with improving some of ceramic properties of these deposits using some natural and industrial waste additives as a dual target of cost reduction and environment protection. Some clay beds within five stratigraphical sections were studied. The additives used (sand, glass, ceramic tiles and sludge) with the studied fired clay articles led to improve the studied ceramic properties into reasonable ones. Consequently, these wastes with the studied clays can be utilized for making clay bricks. Continuity to the economical exploitation of the studied industrial wastes, making of inexpensive acid resisting clay bricks was investigated. Acid resisting bricks were made successfully using mix M1 under firing temperature 1125oC, soaking time 4h, firing rate 10o/min and moulding pressure 250 kg/cm2.